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＜研究報告書＞
自治産業コロニー「クズバス」とリュトヘルス(2) : アメリカ組織委員会の設立とその運営
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| 概要 | Part 1 has treated anew in detail the course of events leading up to making an agreement on the foundation of the AIC-Kuzbas (1). Part 2 focuses on examining the internal problems as follows: What di...d the initial group set about as the first step towards realizing the AIC-Kuzbas and what kind of problems did they bear? The initial group initiated action before making the final agreement. They aimed to divide the field for their activities into 4 (Kuzbas, Moscow, the Netherlands, and the USA) and complete arrangements to perform each task. Particularly this article takes note of the composition that H.S. Calvert and T. Barker in the USA were situated on the one side, and W.D. Haywood in Moscow on the other, of S.J. Rutgers in the Netherlands who played a role of connection and advice on both sides. The following difficulties are clarified in their long-distance activities in a hurry: (1) They had a shortage of suitable persons because they set about their task with a small number of people; (2) They could not bring good understanding one another in spite of their efforts to exchange close correspondence. The American Organization Committee (AOC) was organized for the undertaking to dispatch engineers and workers by Calvert and others. The AOC could obtain cooperation from neither Communist Party on the spot nor the IWW and, what was worse, “factional strife” arose between the AOC and the CP/IWW: (1) The communist J. Heiman, “the personal representative of Rutgers in New York,” was very insistent in factionally gaining a majority in the AOC, which seemed to be beyond the representative sphere. Besides, the repeated negotiations between the AOC and the communistleaning Society for Technical Aid to Soviet Russia (STASR) failed and both of them were obliged to compete each other in dispatching workers. The fact is, the conflicts of opinion between Rutgers and L.K. Martens (cf. Part 1), who had taken the lead in the Supreme Soviet of National Economy (VSNKh) on the matter of immigrant industrial workers, dragged on there: A.A. Heller, who had kept in step with Martens, was nominated as American representative by the VSNKh. Therefore Heller came to supervise the STASR and the conflicts were repeated again between the STASR under Heller and the AOC including Calvert and Barker, though they were not made public. (2) The Executive of the IWW, which was disputing fiercely the Executive of the Comintern over the foundation of the Profintern, could not agree with the Kuzbas Project which the Soviet Russian Government backed up. Moreover, in the matter of the escape abroad of Haywood and J.H. Beyer under bail, the Executive of the IWW reproached the CP for its organizing the escape. Some members of the IWW, who had provided the bail and lost a considerable sum of money, were also furious not only at the CP but at two escapers. After all, the AOC called out directly to the members of the CP, those of the IWW, and class-conscious engineers and workers. The plan of action at that time had been instructed in advance by Rutgers: The AOC should have “the advantage [over the STASR] of combining different elements (IWW, CP and others) and offer a good chance of avoiding domination by political influence of one kind or another” (“a non-partisan attitude”). The conflicts between the AOC and the CP/IWW also had an effect on the AOC’s operations, especially its composition: Its members were divided into, only roughly speaking, three groups (CP’s, IWW’s, and Liberal). Then, the opinions of its members were divided over how to respond not only to the intention of the Soviet of Labor and Defense (SТО) from which the AOC had got funds for activities, but also to that of a kind of mediator, Rutgers. (The AOC is to undergo a drastic reorganization at the beginning of 1923, partly because of the internal conflicts.) Finally this article checks over whether or not the AOC produced good results of its undertaking to dispatch workers. The undertaking is surveyed with quantitative data in advance during the period from the spring of 1922 till the end of 1926 when the STO is to decide to dissolve and reorganize the AIC-Kuzbas.続きを見る |
| 目次 | はじめに 第1章 活動開始に向けて 第2章 設立に向けて 第3章 運営をめぐって 第4章 労働者派遣事業概観 おわりに |
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| 登録日 | 2023.10.18 |
| 更新日 | 2023.10.23 |