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This paper analyzes how university in Japan has been pursuing vocational goals in undergraduate education, by examining macro statistics and comparative survey data. According to the global trends of ...university reform since 1990s, almost all universities in Japan have also been undertaking various reforms and many new types of universities and departments have been established. Many reforms focus on 'curriculum and pedagogy'. They have been led by many policy initiatives, particularly those for vocational oriented reforms, such as implementing internships. However vocational orientation has not been familiar among Japanese academic staff. By examining the names of departments, it is found that although many new types of department emerged in the last decade many names are long combination of plural disciplines addressing broad problem areas. At the results the relationships between the fields of study of graduates and their occupational careers have been weakened and weakened since 1960s. Finally, from comparative survey of graduates in 11 European countries and Japan it is found that the low levels of knowledge utilization in Japan are in most ports explained by fewer work experiences during university and the younger graduation age. From these findings, it seems quite important to encourage work experiences, such as internship programs and to evaluate carefully the competencies university graduates have acquired and are required in their future careers.show more
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KJ00000045103-00001