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Causal relationships among perceived physical competence and learning anxiety were investigated reciprocally in junior high school students. This short-term longitudinal study was used to involved for... 147 junior high school students, who completed questionnaires. The measures included assessment of a physical competence scale (perceived physical competence, feeling of control and peer and teacher acceptance) and learning anxiety scale (tension anxiety and failure anxiety). The validity of the two-wave, cross-lagged effect model was verified using structural equation modeling. The results suggested the following processes: (1) The perceived physical competence had negative causal effects on tension anxiety. (2) The failure anxiety had negative causal effects on perceived physical competence. (3) The failure anxiety had negative causal effects on peer and teacher acceptance. In conclusion, it was suggested that increasing perceived physical competence decreases tension anxiety. In addition, it was suggested that the reduction of failure anxiety is important for the improvement of perceived physical competence and peer and teacher acceptance.show more
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