Up till now few genera of the family Alpheidae, i.e. Alpheus, Synalpheus, Athanas and Betaeus, have been recorded from Japan. Recently we were unexpectedly able to find two species, each belonging to Salmoneus and Automate. The former species, Salmoneus babai sp. nov., is collected from a coral reef of Amami-oshima, the Ryukyu Islands. The latter species from Shikano-shima, Fukuoka Pref. and Amakusa, the northwestern part of Kyushu may be referable to Autowzate g-ardkeri Coutiere and is perhaps new to the fauna of Japan. All the specimens are deposited in the collection of the Zoological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University. We wish to express our hearty thanks to Dr. Taiji Kikuchi of the Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyushu University and Mr. Keiji Baba of our laboratory, for their kindness to offer us the material.
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