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Abstract |
Ordinary observation suggests that there is a substantial individual difference among leaders based on their confidence in adapting management-role behavior. However, only a little research attention ...has previously been paid to the concepts and sources of confidence. The present paper was intended to provide a comprehensive review and introduce some research perspectives into the study of the confidence of leaders. In the history of such research, the concept of confidence was used to indicate a leader' s inherent ability, but then was changed recently to indicate a leader's behavioral ability. The communality and difference between the concept of a leader's confidence and related concepts such as self-esteem, competence, and self-efficacy were also described. Following this, major sources of confidence were delineated in terms of frequency of good and bad experiences, causal attribution, quality of reflection on job experiences, and gratification from expectations of the self and others. Based on these discussions, a hypothetical process model of confidence acquisition by leaders was delineated and future research requirements were presented.show more
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