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| Abstract |
The purpose of this study was threefold: To investigate (1) if Otabe & Kato (2007)'s findings (i.e., a demonstration of the existence of traumatic, or more specifically "kokoro no kizu", schemas, or T...S) can generalized to males; (2) if a comparably larger TS effect can be demonstrated, as theoretically expected, by using for primes illustrations as cues for situational accessible memories (SAMs), instead of words as those for verbally accessible memories as used in Otabe & Kato, and (3) if subliminal affective priming (SAP) effects can be replicated with Japanese just as Murphy & Zajonc (1993) demonstrated. Eighty eight college students (Males: 11 bullying-experienced (BE), 29 bullying-non-experienced (BNE); Females: 11 BE, 37 BNE) were asked to engage in 80 experimental trials. In each trial, one of 5 prime illustrations was subliminally presented randomly: Positive, blank, neutral, negative, and bullying-related, then followed by a neutral target word (Nepali) and its liking rating. Findings were as follows: (1) TS effects were replicated with females as expected, but not demonstrated with males, (2) the obtained effects with females as in (1) were not as large as theoretically expected, and (3) again, SAP effects were not demonstrated with Japanese. Their implications and limitations were discussed.show more
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