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An Examination of Evidence in Academic Debate : Some Tests of the Admissibility and Probative Value

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Table of Contents アカデミック・ディベートを行う際、主張の根拠として、証拠資料を引用し議論を行なわなければならない。したがって、証拠資料はすべての議論の基礎となり、ゲーム性を持っている競技ディベートの勝敗も大きく左右する。証拠資料を使用するにあたり、証拠能力 (出典の明示、原典からの直接引用、不正引用に当たらないこと) と証明力 (証拠資料自体の信憑性、証明しようとする主張との関連性) を判断する必要がある。今までの研究では、不適切な引用問題、および、証拠資料の内容に対する判断の不十分さ等に対する指摘はされていたが、具体的な検証は少ない。本研究は今後ディベートにおいてより良い議論かつより良いコミュニケーションを目指す教育のための基礎研究として、公開されているJDA ディベート大会決勝戦の立論部分 (肯定側第一立論と否定側第一立論) の文字化資料を対象に、日本語ディベートにおける「証拠能力」と「証明力」の検証を目的とする。
In a certain type of academic debate (so-called “Policy Debate”), Debaters are supposed to cite evidence, often in a form of direct quotations, as a reason to support an argument. In such debate, evidence is the foundation of potentially all arguments and thus influences the result of the debate to a great extent. In the use of evidence, we are required to estimate the admissibility (e.g., identifying the source of citation clearly; quoting from the primary evidence; using evidence ethically) and probative value (e.g., reliability, expertise, objectivity, recency of evidence itself; relevance between evidence and claim) of evidence. While previous studies pointed out the problems of source identification, unethical practices in terms of the citation and deficiencies in evaluating the quality of evidence used in debate, few of them were conducted with specific analyses and tests, especially in Japanese academic debate. Therefore, to help participants construct better and stronger arguments, and to promote debate education with the aim of facilitating critical thinking and communication, this research uses concrete examples to test and analyze the admissibility and probative value of evidence from the transcripts of the first affirmative/negative constructive speeches in the final rounds of the Japan Debate Association’s national tournament, which is considered to exhibit the highest level of Japanese debate.

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Created Date 2018.05.15
Modified Date 2023.08.03

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