In 2005, the United States suggested to impose the tariff cap of 75 percent at WTO agriculture negotiation meeting. After that meeting, there is no further negotiation. We, therefore, do not know what level of tariff will be best. In this paper, we formulate a simultaneous supply and demand equations model for international rice market. Japan, South Korea, The United States and Australia are selected in the model because those countries are important in the international Japonica rice market. This paper simulates the impacts of tariff and direct payments (price support) on domestic rice price, production and imports in Japan. 4 scenarios are designed to evaluate the effects. In addition, we also analyze changes of tariff and direct payments on rice international trade pattern among five countries.
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