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Since investigations to examine the cardiohemodynamic effects of seawater immersion are rare, we conducted the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examinations of healthy male during bathing i...n concentrated seawater with its salt concentration of 7%. Fresh water immersion under the same temperature (i.e., 39℃) and duration (10 min) served as a control. In addition, routine blood and serum laboratory test was performed in this cross-over trial before, during and 30 min after the immersion. Left atrial and diastolic left ventricular dimensions were increased during the bathing in concentrated seawater as well as fresh water. Ejection fraction, but not stroke volume, was augmented slightly but significantly (p<0.05) during concentrated seawater immersion compared with fresh water immersion. Electrocardiographic monitoring indicated no observable arrhythmias or no significant ischemic changes. Blood and serum laboratory test showed no significant abnormalities in the two kinds of bathing at all. In conclusion, bathing in concentrated seawater (i.e., 7%) is safe at least in 10 min period without any significant cardiohemodynamic adverse effects. Moreover, mild positive inotropic effect expected in the concentrated seawater immersion may have an important future clinical implication.続きを見る
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