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Participation in physical activity (including exercise and sports) is often recommended for elderly people to enhance physical, social and psychological health. The purpose of this paper is to revie...w the scientific evidence regarding the effect that physical activity has on the psychological health of elderly people. Generally, psychological health is conceptual ized as having both positive and negative components. The positive components include such constructs as subjective well-being, life satisfaction and self-efficacy, whereas the negative components include depression and anxiety. This paper summarizes population-based study and experimental investigation, but does not deal with the effects of short-term exercise on psychological health. The results of this paper indicate that psychological benefits for the aging population who regularly participate in physical activity have not been consistently reported in the literature, and the role of physical fitness in the enhancement of psychological health is less than clear. Future research is necessary to ascertain the following: (1) Different impacts of varying modes of physical activity (e.g. team sports and individual exercise). (2) Longitudinal, interdisciplinary studies that examine the correlation between various indices of human functioning such as physical health, social-environment and activities of daily living and psychological health.続きを見る
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