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緑地帯への工場立地計画に抗する市民運動 : オーストリア・フォラールベルク州ヴァイラ村の事例
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| 概要 | The purpose of this paper is to describe a grass-roots movement against the plan of factory construction on a site in the green belt at Weiler in Vorarlberg, Austria. This movement was organized by Bü...rgerinitiative “Lebensraum Weiler” (abbreviated as BI-LRW) or citizens’ initiative “Living Space Weiler”, which was established at the end of November in 2016 by the local citizens. Materials for this study are documents written by BI-LRW and newspaper articles, which are to be gotten in the Homepage of the BI-LRW (https://www.lebensraum-weiler.com/). The present author also uses the official documents of the government of Federal Land Vorarlberg and the authorities of the village commune Weiler in order to verify the newspaper articles and documents released by BI-LRW. The green belt is called Landesgrünzone and was established through ordinance in 1977 across thirty communes in the Vorarlberg’s plain by the government of Federal Land Vorarlberg in order to firstly conserve the natural ecology and landscape (Naturhaushalt and Landschaft), to secondly conserve the recreational area for the local citizens in their daily lives (Naherholungsgebiet), and to finally conserve the basic resource for the effective agricultural activities. In those days, there had been danger of encroachment of industries and settlements on the most basic resource “land” with the three functions mentioned above both in the Alpine Rhine Valley (Rheintal) and its tributary the Ill Valley (Walgau). The village assembly of Weiler decided to exclude about 4.7 ha land in the village territory from the green belt for the promotion of construction of a large bread-baking factory, where about 300 persons are going to be employed, and applied it to the government of the Federal Land in July 2015 in order to increase its own communal tax revenue. The government of Vorarlberg examined the application according to the Vorarlberg’s law of spatial planning until November 2016 and decided to promote the intention of the communal authorities of Weiler. Citizens at Weiler could know the intention of the authorities through the news released by local mass medias, and about thirty people worried about the loss of a part of the green belt and claimed the inadequate information activities of the communal authorities. Therefore, the BI-LRW protested against the intention of the authorities in December 2016 and demonstrated with human chains along the site of the green belt on 5th January in 2017. It also began signature-collecting campaign for the conservation of the green belt. The present author reexamines the official documents of the Vorarlberg’s government, minutes of the village assembly from 2011 through 2016 and the public relations magazines of the Weiler authorities from the edition of October 2016 forward, and he thinks that the information activities of the village authorities were insufficient. By the way, it is impossible to get the public relations magazines of the editions before October 2016 through the homepage of the Weiler authorities. Within the Vorarlberg’s government, the divisions of natural conservation, agriculture, and transportation plan including street construction submitted negative opinions against the intention of the Weiler authorities to the minister in charge both of spatial planning and of economic affairs. The opinion of the division of spatial planning is a little bit ambiguous, because it stated that the intention of the Weiler authorities might be justified, if the land to be newly included into the green belt within the territory of Weiler should be equivalent to the land to be excluded from the viewpoint not only of quantity of the land area but also of quality of the soil. On the other hand, the division of economic affairs in the Vorarlberg’s government submitted an absolutely positive opinion for the intention of the Weiler authorities, because the construction of the factory should be going to strengthen the economic power of Vorarlberg. This paper deals with the process before the end of January 2017. The present author will describe the process after February 2017 and the end result of the grass-roots movement on another occasion in order to reconsider the arguments for and against the economic growth and environmental conservation and furthermore he will shed light on the democratic processes in Vorarlberg.続きを見る |
| 目次 | １．はじめに ２．ヴァイラ村の概要 ３．ヴァイラ村での市民運動開始に至る経緯 ４．州政府による「説明・環境報告書」 4.1．緑地帯の意義 4.2．「 説明・環境報告書」が引用したヴァイラ村からの申請文の概要 4.3．「 説明・環境報告書」に記された州政府各部署による環境への影響評価 ５. 市民運動の展開 5.1．ヴァイラ村当局による説明会 5.2．「人間の鎖」による抗議 5.3． ヴァイラ村広報紙での村当局による説明の当否 5.4．緑地削除案に対して提出された意見 ６. むすびに代えて―中間的結論続きを見る |
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| 登録日 | 2024.07.03 |
| 更新日 | 2024.12.02 |