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盛岡藩における巣鷹捕獲 : 三戸町小笠原家文書「巣鷹御用覚帳」の分析から
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| 概要 | 小稿は、盛岡藩三戸代官所（現青森県三戸町）の役人の留書から、同藩における巣鷹捕獲の実態について分析するものである。巣鷹とは、巣立ち前のタカ類の幼鳥のことで、鷹狩り用に調教するため捕獲された。盛岡藩では巣鷹を捕獲する専門の役職「巣鷹御用懸」が、藩内4か所の代官所に置かれた。巣鷹の見回りや捕獲は、巣鷹御用懸や実際に捕獲する専門の百姓のほか、肝入（村の責任者）・山守など多くの村人が動員される一大作業だっ...た。また藩庁の指示により、捕獲の要・不要ががけ判断され、また営巣（巣懸）・孵化（貝割）・巣下げの度に代官や用人に報告させるなど、厳格な管理体制が敷かれていた。藩の権力を背最にした鷹の権威の大きさが見て取れるとともに、藩の方針に振り回される現場の様子も垣間見え、藩政と地域の結節点にあった代官所役人の業務の特性が現れている。また、巣鷹御用懸の職制と関連して、これまであまり分析されていなかった、盛岡藩の鷹匠組織や鷹の捕獲体制についても触れる。 This study analyzed the practice of capturing hawk chicks in their nests in the Morioka Domain. Rrecords of Sannohe Administrative Office (daikansho) of the Morioka Domain (Sannohe town in Aomori Prefecture) were used in this study. Sudaka in Japanese is the practice of capturing young hawk chicks before they leave their nests. Captured chicks were then trained for use in falconry. Officials specialized in hawk-chick capture (sudaka-goyogakari) were placed at four administrative offices within the domain. The search for hawk nests and the capture of chicks were performed by the above officials and farmers dedicated to actual hawk-chick capture. This was a large-scale work, and numerous villagers were mobilized to assist, including the village leader (kimoiri) and mountain rangers/guardians (yamamori). A strict administrative system for this practice was put in place. Following instructions from domain administrative headquarters (hancho), decisions were made regarding whether capture was necessary, and reports had to be presented to the administrator (daikan) and domain service personnel (yonin) for each item in the process: nest-building (sugakari), incubation (kaiware), and nest-lowering (susage). Here, one observes the dignity and importance of hawks against the backdrop of the Domain's authority. One also gets a glimpse of how local sites were at the mercy of the whim of Domain policies. Manifest here are the characteristics of the work performed by arlministrative office officials (daikansho-yakunin), local nodes of Domain government.In relation to the sudaka-goyo-gakari (the officials in charge of hawk-chick capture), this study also takes up the organization of falconers in Morioka Domain as well as the hawk capture system, two aspects that have not been fully analyzed in the past.続きを見る |
| 目次 | はじめに 1 盛岡藩における鷹匠組織や鷹捕獲の概要 2 所給人小笠原家と巣鷹御用懸 3 巣鷹御用懸の業務の実態 おわりに（まとめと課題） |
詳細
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| 登録日 | 2020.03.31 |
| 更新日 | 2021.03.18 |