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Kobayashi & Kato (2007) explored to construct an amae scale, treating "amae" as being constituted of "emotional amae" and "practical amae". They conducted a questionnaire study for college students, a...nd obtained the results which highly suggest that amae is distinguishable between the proposed constructions. However, to have the high reliability and validity, the scale needs more items, including various aspects of each construct, and validity checks. Based on the pilot study, we constructed emotional and practical amae items, in a comprehensive way. In study 1, we conducted a questionnaire study with new amae items, targeted for 221 college students. Factor analysis demonstrated the factorial validity, indicating two expected factors, each consists of two sub-factors. The reliability and criterion-related validity were also verified. In study 2, to examine frequencies of each amae behavior to each particular amae object (romantic partner or close friend), we conducted the same questionnaire to 363 college students, specifying a particular object for each behavior. The results suggested that students most frequently engaged with "the emotional amae behavior for physical contacts," regardless of the target. Also, students were indicated less frequently engaged with "the practical amae behavior for material helping." Furthermore, their amae behaviors were more frequently engaged toward romantic partner than close friend. The results support an adequate reliability and validity of emotional and practical amae scale.続きを見る
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