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BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity (PA) is important for maintaining the health and well-being of individuals. Given the prevalence of physical inactivity among Japanese adults, convenient low-cost... interventions are urgently required. PURPOSE: To evaluate the internet or mobile phone (information communication technology [ICT]) as potential interventional tools. METHODS: Electronic databases (PubMed and Medline) were searched using the following key words: internet, mobile, personal digital assistant (PDA), physical activity, and intervention. Further, we contacted colleagues working in the study area and examined reference lists of relevant publications in an effort to identify studies with the internet and mobile phone as interventional tools. RESULTS: Sixty-five studies (52 involving the internet and 13 mobile phones or PDAs) were identified. Of the 52 internet studies, 51 were performed overseas and only 1 was performed in Japan. Positive changes in PA behavior were reported in about half the studies. Of the 13 mobile phone or PDA studies, 5 (38.5%) was reported from Japan. Positive changes in PA behavior were reported in 2 studies. In the previous review articles, the following parameters were found to be important for ICT interventions: (1) intervention duration, (2) number of contacts, (3)theoretical basis of the intervention, (4) initial face-to-face contact, (5) intervention involving multiple behaviors, (6) decrease in program use, and (7) participant and field characteristics. CONCLUSION: Among PA interventions based on ICT, internet use was high and mobile phone or PDA use was low. Although internet interventions may cause short-term positive changes in PA, the number of mobile phone or PDA interventions must be increased. Future research should focus on integrating the internet and mobile phone or PDA in ICT programs.続きを見る
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