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Taiwan began to formally accept foreign workers into its labor market in public enterprises since late 1980s, and in caretaking and domestic works since 1992. In recent years, Taiwan has been faced wi...th a severe shortage of elderly-care workers in parallel with a declining birthrate and rapid aging, and received an increasing number of foreign caretakers to respond to rapidly growing demand of caring for the elderly. The Taiwan Administrative Yuan has lined with wishes of the families having a person of advanced age, and thus it has excluded domestic care workers (live-in caretakers and domestic helpers) form the subject for its labor standard law. As a result, their working conditions are much worse than those of local care workers. Such a “double-standard labor market” has been criticized severely by local citizen groups and even the U.S. government. This paper examines recent trends and current working conditions of foreign care workers in Taiwan, and discusses about its government’s policy on them at a crossroads.
急速な経済成長に伴って労働者不足が深刻化した台湾では1980年末､まず公共事業分野で合法的な外国人労働者受け入れを開始し､1992年からは介護・家事労働の分野でも受け入れが始めた｡その後､急速な少子高齢化の進展で､人手不足は介護分野でより深刻になり､インドネシア､ベトナム､フィリピンといった東南アジアの人口大国から多数の介護労働者(看護工) や家事労働者(家庭 傭) を受け入れて､在宅ケアを中心とする旺盛な高齢者介護の需要を賄ってきた｡しかし､業界や利用者の意向に沿う政府は在宅の介護・家事労働者(家庭労働者) を労働関連法の対象外に置き続ける政策の結果として形成された｢二重基準労働市場｣に対して､国内の市民団体や米政府などから批判が強まっている｡本稿は､台湾の外国人ケア労働者受け入れの近年の傾向､労働者の就労実態などを探り､受け入れ政策はじめケア労働の市場化に伴う問題点などを議論する｡続きを見る
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