The purpose of this study is to investigate the product structure, technological progress and international competitive power of rice in China, using the statistical materials and field survey. The conclusion of this study is as follows. In recent years, production structure of rice has been smoothly adjusted, the quality of rice has been improved, and gross profit of rice has been remarkable than that of other grains. As the most important cause, technological progress is playing a significant rele in increasing output per unit area in China. Rice made in China is one of the strongest competitive powers in the international market, and is keeping probability of competitive power of rice, as policy suggestions, it is very important to erect positive financial policy, to intriduce cost-economized technology, to develop good rice seeds and processing technoligy, and establish rice brand etc.