0023-6152

AA00697606

10114

査読無

0023-6152

AA00697606

This paper presents a new framework for analysis and improvement of environmental management based on the achievements of the New Institutional Economics. Following that we first, identify major environmental problems and risks in Bulgarian agriculture. Next, we access efficiency of market, private and public modes of environmental management employed in sector. Finally, we give prospects and major challenges of environmental management in conditions of EU Common Agricultural Policy implementation. Our analysis shows that post-communist transition has changed the state of the environment and brought some new challenges such as: degradation and contamination of farmland, pollution of surface and ground waters, loss of biodiversity, significant greenhouse gas emissions. Badly defined and enforced environmental rights, prolonged process of privatization of agrarian resources, carrying out farming in structures not motivating in long-term investment, low appropriability of certain environmental rights and high uncertainty and assets specificity of environment related activities, all they were responsible for failure of market and private modes of environmental management. Strong needs for public intervention have not been met by effective government, community, international assistance intervention. Consequently agrarian sustainability has been severely compromised. Assessment of likely impact of EU CAP implementation under "Bulgarian" conditions indicates that the main beneficiary of new support measures will be biggest operators. Income, technological and environmental discrepancy between different farms, sub-sectors and regions will be further enhanced. Field survey of different type dairy farms from two major milk producing regions supported analysis. Most farms have no sufficient capacity for adaptation to new EU requirements for dairy sector. Bulk of milk producers expect no positive impact of CAP measures on their income, volume and technology of production, investment level, product quality, access to public programs, improvement of environmental care and animal welfare, development of infrastructure, possibilities for new income generation, and social status of farm households.