| Abstract |
This paper sets out to examine policy-level initiatives concerned with links between schools and various non-school institutions. "Partnerships" are an important key word in the context of current dis...cussions on educational and employment reforms. In this paper, "partnership" between school and non-school institutions is defined that the "partnership" relationship is the organizational implementation of common activities arising from the recognition that concerned parties who have different objectives and organizational structures, different intentions and cultures, nevertheless share a commonality in engaging with education within set boundaries, or from the presumption that mutual advantage will be generated by a cluster of activities grouped together as a set. With this definition as a basis, the "partners" involved in secondary education at the upper level are employers and employment-related organizations, as well as a range of private and public organizations and groups with vested interests. Specifically, these include, as important partners concerned with increasing the richness of upper secondary education: organizations and bodies at local level who act as intermediaries between high schools and companies; organizations of managers and workers; central and local government administration; neighboring high schools, universities, special training colleges and other educational bodies involved in carrying out school liaison work; and local communities including parents. Adopting a wide perspective, this paper will look first at the "integrated course" which constitutes one main pillar of educational reforms and improvements for guidance function on the transition to working life in Japan, and then at in-company education and at employment-oriented and ability-oriented development policies. In the process, it will focus particularly on the contemporary development of "partnerships". More specifically, it will deal with the formation of the labor market for high-school leavers in the postwar period in terms of an analysis of Japanese-style "partnerships", with the implementation and developments of internships as a way of easing the transition from school to work, and with the links between schools in the context of articulation issues. Finally, the paper will set out future policy-level issues and problems.show more
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