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Rates of leaf transpiration and photosynthesis are both affected by the thickness of the boundary layer (BL) and by the rates at which gases diffuse through it. These BL properties are currently impos...sible to measure and must be estimated by using models in conjunction with measured rates of transpiration. Transpiration rates and BL for two Argentine peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars, Florman INTA, Virginia type, and Manfredi 393 INTA, Spanish type, were studied with the two-dimensional model 2DLEAF which accounts for leaf anatomy, i.e. for leaf internal structure and stomatal density. Measurements on leaf cross-sections and leaf surface images demonstrated a significant difference between two cultivars. Published transpiration rates for peanut of Virginia and Spanish types measured in controlled environment and field conditions were used to determine two parameters of the leaf BL, its thickness, d, and the ratio of diffusion coefficients in the BL and in the intercellular space, B. Both parameters were different for two cultivars. Transpiration rate was presented (a) as a function of BL parameters d and B with four empirical parameters which depended on cultivar and stomatal aperture, and (b) as a function of stomatal aperture and d. Dependence (b) showed that the transpiration rate of Manfredi 393 INTA is higher than that of Florman at the same environmental conditions, and that this is completely due to the difference in leaf anatomy. It was shown that the values of BL thickness, d, grow with increasing stomatal aperture. For amphystomatous leaves of peanut, two empirical parameters, d and B, are necessary and sufficient to quantitatively describe the effect of the BL on transpiration.続きを見る
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Mendeley出力
KJ00004506907