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This paper reports on an on-going research project to explore learner resistance to foreign language learning. Negative attitudes toward foreign language learning are a major issue for Japanese univer...sity students. Previous studies have often treated this attitude simply as a form of “loss of motivation”. Based on intercultural adaptation theory, the authors assume that learner motivation is not simply “motivated” or “unmotivated,” but psychologically complex.The authors have developed the Linguaculture Motivation Profiler (LMP), a psychometric instrument that measures foreign language learners’ motivation in terms of psychological resistance, engagement, and mixed states of motivation. This project contributes towards a more complex understanding of learner motivation, and has widespread implications for pedagogy and increasing learners’ self-efficacy.続きを見る
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