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＜紀要論文＞
商店法下における店員たちの修養と慰安 : ラジオ番組「店員の時間」を中心に
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| 概要 | This paper focuses on a radio program called “Ten’in no Jikan,” which was broadcast in response to the implementation of the Shop Act, to examine the content of training for shopkeepers in small- and ...medium-sized shops. The program was on the air at 10 pm from October 1938 to January 1941 in conjunction with the implementation of the law. “Ten’in no Jikan” broadcast two types of programs: one aimed at cultivation and the other at comfort, during the leisure time set aside by the law. The purpose of this program was to provide shop clerks who could not attend youth schools or other schools opportunities for cultivating their knowledge and skills. This program was unique because it consisted of both cultivation and comfort programs. The articles and depositions on “Ten’in no Jikan” suggested that the store owners and clerks accepted the program for the purpose of cultivation, but also that the clerks looked forward to the program for comfort. When examining shopkeepers’ reception of radio programs, it is necessary to consider not only programs dealing with business-related content for cultivation, which were highly appreciated by clerks, but also those dealing with popular culture for comfort. Therefore, we examine the following points. First, we review the aims of the program when it was launched. The “Ten’in no Jikan” program was initiated as part of an educational campaign for store owners and clerks under the Shop Act. It was intended to provide guidance on how to use the leisure time created by the early closing time for stores compared to previous closing times to free their employees from store duties or to use the radio to train their employees. Next, we discuss the content of the cultural and comfort programs. Educational broadcasts covered topics related to business, such as how to prepare oneself for business and the knowledge necessary to do so. The Youth School for Working Youth also covered civic education content; however, store owners were concerned that they would not see a connection between the content and their work. However, the “Ten’in no Jikan” program was supported by store owners who were interested in the education of clerks because the content was closely related to their businesses. Conversely, comfort broadcasts featured performances and music that provided comfort and entertainment for the clerks. Music often featured harmonica, mandolin, light music, and Japanese and Western ensembles. Although the audience for symphonic music was growing, the “Ten’in no Jikan” program was organized for the masses. However, the actual number of broadcasts of “Shopkeeper’s Hour,” even when the number of broadcasts of “military songs,” “popular songs,” and “national songs,” all of which received many submissions, are combined, does not reach the number of broadcasts of “Japanese and Western ensemble music.” Although the organizers programmed for the masses, the content did not always reflect what the audience wanted. Finally, we examined store owners and clerks’ evaluations of the programs. Owners expected “Ten’in no Jikan” to be enlightening and informative about store work and culture, while some clerks were enthusiastic about the contents for cultivating their knowledge and skills. Some clerks listened intently to these contents, while others wanted pop culture content to comfort them. The clerks were not only seeking cultivation in the “Ten’in no Jikan,” but also comfort, and they were expressing different requests for this program in different directions. This conflict over the program arose, in part, because the broadcasts were aired during their leisure time.続きを見る |
| 目次 | １．はじめに ２．商店法の制定と「店員の時間」 ３．「店員の時間」の放送内容 ４．「店員の時間」に対する期待と批判 ５．おわりに |
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| 登録日 | 2024.04.17 |
| 更新日 | 2024.04.17 |