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＜research report＞
The Autonomous Industrial Colony “Kuzbas” and S. J. Rutgers(1): A New Interpretation on Its Foundation
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| Abstract | After the adoption of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in March 1921, the acceptance of foreign capital, foreign labor, etc. came to be accelerated in Soviet Russia. At that time S.J. Rutgers, H.S. Calv...ert and others aimed at founding “the first industrial colony in the world, where engineers will find freedom to work out experiments they cannot attempt under the profit-system, and where workers will find that self-government, that sense of social creativeness, that solidarity and equality they have never found anywhere in the history of the world until the present hour,” to which the word “autonomous” was prefixed, as a unique practice of the international labor solidarity. This article aims to describe anew in detail how the colony was founded and put a new interpretation on it, mainly on the basis of both documents of the Soviet Russian Government and the Russian Communist Party, which the researchers in the former and present Russia have not made good use of, and those of personal archives of its initiators, i.e., Rutgers, Calvert, W.D. Haywood and T. Barker. Above all, it demonstrates how very important was the problem with “the autonomy” which Rutgers persisted in advocating through the process of foundation. That is, the discussions dragged on for almost six months. It was mainly due to conflicts of opinion not on an enormous sum of subsidies from the Soviet Government to the colony, but on which could secure its autonomy more fully, the Soviet of Labor and Defense (STO), an upper organ which was presided over by Lenin and was legally authorized as commission of the Soviet of People’s Commissars (SNC), or the Supreme Soviet of National Economy (VSNKh), a lower organ which aimed positively at giving out of concessions to foreign capitalists and advocated the colony based exclusively on a commercial basis. After the colony was decided to be founded under the direct control of STO, the VSNKh intervention in operating the colony was to be unbroken. Thus the ACI-Kuzbas made a start of the difficulties.show more |
| Table of Contents | はじめに 第1章 創設の着想 第2章 最初の計画案 第3章 新たな産業移民決議 第4章 現地調査を経ての創設提案 第5章 提案の審議 1 表面化する意見対立 2 合意形成に向けて 第6章 政府の承認 おわりに |
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| Created Date | 2023.04.07 |
| Modified Date | 2023.10.23 |