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Carbons are unique materials; a number of carbon materials all of which have unique and specific properties, consist almost exclusively elemental carbon in an sp^2 hybridized state. Although these car...bons can be considered homologues of graphite, they have different structures and collective structure of the graphite like microcrystallites determine their properties. The collective arrangement of crystallite, defined as the orientation which is usually observed under an optical microscope and is called as optical texture, has been recognized to be a very important criterion in their qualification. The carbonization schemes leading to the desired optical texture by the control of carbonization, phase transition and reactivity in relation to the structure of its constituent molecules are summarized.続きを見る
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