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This paper presents an overview of previous studies on the concept of “cuteness”（and the related Japanese concept of kawaii） that is useful in supporting individuals with autism spectrum disorder （ASD...）. Previous studies on cuteness are reviewed with a focus on three aspects: object attributes, cognition, and emotion. The following three points were derived from the review: （1） The scope of objects to which cuteness can be applied is expanding （Nittono, 2016）; therefore, individual circumstances and interests including personal preferences and cultural backgrounds must be kept in mind when considering cuteness as an attribute of an object. （2） Because there is no agreement in previous studies regarding the definition of emotions related to cuteness（e.g., Steinnes et al., 2019）, when considering cuteness in emotional terms, qualitative consideration must be given as to the kinds of emotion that the word “cute” is applied to. （3）The extent to which individuals tend to perceive cuteness is associated with gender, hormonal status, and levels of empathy（e.g., Lehmann et al., 2013）, suggesting that individual characteristics should also be taken into consideration when considering cuteness in terms of cognition.show more
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