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The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between being involved in an athletic club and the lifestyle and mental health of first-year undergraduates. This was a longitudinal st...udy involving 73 first-year undergraduates who completed questionnaires on 4 occasions separated by 1-month intervals during the academic year (time 1: April, time 2: May, time 3: June, time 4: July). The measures used included a questionnaire on life style and mental health (life satisfaction and stress). The results of a simultaneous multi -population approach using cross-lagged panel analyses revealed that (1) athletic club involvement had no effect on the causal relationship between lifestyle and mental health, (2) lifestyle affected life satisfaction (time 2 to time 3) and stress (time 3 to time 4), and (3) lifestyle was influenced by life satisfaction (time 1 to time 2 and time 2 to time 3). These findings suggest that there is a reciprocal relationship between lifestyle and mental health regardless of athletic club involvementshow more
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