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Neonatal Management of Body Temperature and Nutrition on Body Weight Loss and Neonatal Jaundice
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| Abstract | After birth, the environment of infants suddenly changes from inside to outside of the uterus. Therefore, infants should immediately adapt to the new environment. However, their cardiopulmonary abilit...ies are yet immature and vulnerable to the sudden change. The room temperature of delivery rooms (around 25℃) is likely to be low for infants. Due to the immature abilities to produce and maintain heat, infants thus have a considerable risk of hypothermia, which can cause unstable circulatory status. Breast milk is an excellent nutritional source for infants, and breastfeeding is currently recommended worldwide. However, in some instances, breastfeeding may not sufficiently meet the basal metabolism of infants for the first several days after birth in Japan. In general, the maximum body-weight loss is more significant in breastfed infants compared with bottle-fed infants. Excessive body-weight loss is known to increase the risks of hypoglycemia, hypernatremia, and hyperbilirubinemia. These critical neonatal situations can lead to permanent central nervous damages. In our hospital, we applied a combination method of thermal control and nutritional regulation to meet the basal metabolism (50 kcal/kg/day). In this method, neonates were maintained in the neutral environment temperature (32-34℃) for more than 1-2 hours after birth. This thermal control stabilizes the autonomic nerve system, which has benefits on bowel movement, early initiation of oral intake, and rapid excretion of meconium. Neonates were also fed with 5％ glucose solution (10 mL/kg) at 1 hour after birth, breastfed every 3 hours, and the formula was added (if applicable) to meet basal metabolism. We have reported the results of this combination method, with very low incidence rates for excessive body-weight loss (1.9％) and neonatal jaundice required phototherapy (0.3％). Here, we review and discuss the influence of the neonatal management of body temperature and nutrition after birth on infantsʼ clinical outcomes.show more |
| Table of Contents | はじめに 1．新生児の栄養管理 2．出生後の体温管理 3．早期混合栄養と新生児早期の温めるケア おわりに |
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| Created Date | 2020.06.16 |
| Modified Date | 2021.03.03 |