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In 2011, a demonstration influenced by the "Arab Upring" arose in Benghazi, Libya, and spread rapidly all over the country under the banner "Down with Gaddafi." In the following months, with the suppo...rt of NATO air strikes, a collection of anti-government groups toppled the robust regime that had survived for forty-two years. This paper focuses on the power mechanisms that enabled Gaddafi to sustain the regime for more than forty years. It will investigate the reasons for the longevity of Gaddafi's rule while focusing on two of its aspects : one is the allocation of patronage and the other is the use of force to manipulate the people of Libya. In the beginning of the regime after the coup d'état led by Gaddafi in 1969, he tried to provide the political elites and nationals with extensive political and economic patronages. As a result, at the beginning of the 70s, the regime was able to maintain stability on some level. However, as time went on, Gaddafi experienced increasingly frequent coups attempted by old friends from the military academy. Consequently, he turned to coercive and violent methods to control the Libyan people and instituted widespread monitoring of the populace. Among Gaddafi’s methods for ruling were the creation of new institutions such as private brigades and several intelligence services. Additionally, the increasing oil revenues made patronage possible, and it was divided within certain groups such as his family and the Qaddafa tribe.続きを見る
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