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Abstract |
Indonesian is said to be a tenseless language but with temporal and aspectual markers to exhibit its tense. The adverb ‘sudah’ and ‘telah’ are usually defined to be past tense and perfective aspect ma...rkers. The preceding literature describes the two to have exactly the similar meaning and function, and that both can be used and switched freely. The difference is that ‘sudah’ is commonly used in spoken language whilst ‘telah’ is more a written word. The purpose of this paper is to show that both adverbs are not entirely similar. While ‘sudah’ is often said to be used in spoken language, the data used show that even in novels ‘sudah’ is of more frequent occurrence compared to its counterpart. This might be caused by the dynamic change in the Indonesian language or by the unnatural translation into Indonesian.show more
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