The influence of ethanol consumption (on average 4 g/kg body weight as a powder) for 26 days on the metabolism of linoleic acid was studied in male rats. Ethanol suppressed the activity of d6 desaturase by approximately 50% but not d5 desaturase in liver microsomes. The percentage of linoleic acid in liver phosphatidylcholine was higher in the ethanol than in the control groups while that of arachidonic acid remained unifluenced, resulting in the reduction of the ratio of arachidonate/linoleate. Weekly analyses of serum fatty acids revealed an increasing trend of the concentration of total fatty acids, especially linoleic and arachidonic acid after feeding ethanol. However, the ratio of arachidonate/linoleate became low with the duration of ethanol consumption. There was a decreasing trend of the concentration of plasma and liver cholesterol while that of liver triglyceride tended to increase by ethanol. The results indicate a disturbance by ethanol of the desauration of linoleate to arachidonate presumably as a consequence of the reduction of the hepatic P desaturase activity.
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