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This paper deals with the philosophical view of man and world of Russell and Whitehead in order to clarify the ground of the dignity of man. There is an idea that the dignity of man is the ultimate ai...m of education. If it is the case, we should teach the dignity of man to children and exalt it. However, we would not understand the ground of the dignity of man. Is man endowed with the dignity by his Creator or anyone else? Russell is an agnostic, not a Christian. He proposed the theory called 'Neutral Monism.' What he wished to do in it was to re-state the relations between mind and brain in terms not implying the existence of either. According to his theory, it becomes possible to regard both a mind and a piece of matter as logical constructions formed out of actually identical materials. Thus man as a mind would become equal to all other lives and matter. All of them are logical constructions. In like manner. Whitehead said, there is no proper line to be drawn between the physical and the mental constitution of experience. Owing to his idea, it is a matter of pure convention as to which of our experimental activities we term mental and which physical. Their theories are going to the center of dignity from man to the Universe. In the cosmic prospect, the world is not one in which human being occupy the imagination. Compared with the fact that Whitehead built the philosophy of the organism universe, Russell could not make the relation man and the universe clear. I rather think Russell's image of it is not unified and obscure. The reason is because Russell would not try to relate the reality or event with something ideal and eternal. But, after all, we should change the meaning of the dignity of man as the basic aim of education, for, viewing our lives 'under the aspect of eternity,' the human dignity is only one of problems in education.show more
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