Relationships between genome constitution and esterase composition in Brassica species, were analyzed by means of the zymogram, and the following results were obtained: 1) The differences among the a genomic species (Erassica rapa and others), the b genomic species (B. nigra), and the c genomic species (B. oleracea), could be observed in electrophoretic mobilities of their esterases. 2) Intra-genomic differences could be observed in differential intensities of some bands, and in some cases, observed in existence of some specific bands. 3) The array of the csterase bands in amphidiploid species of Brassica is composed of some of the bands present in the basic species having monogenome. Some of the amphidiploid species contain the bands present in one of their basic species, but have none of the bands present in the other one of their basic species, and further, they have a band which is not present in either one of the basic species ; B. juncea (aabb genome) has some of the bands present in the a genomic species and the b genomic species, while B. cernua (aabb genome) has some bands present in the a genomic species, but has none of the bands present in the b genomicspecies, and further, has one band designated as X, which is not contained in both of the basic species. Similar situation could be observed in B. carinata (bbcc genome), which has some of the bands present in the c genomic species and has the X band, but has none of the bands present in the b genomic species. These findings suggest that the b genome composing B. cernua (aabb genome) and B. carinata (bbcc genome) will be somewhat different from that of B. juncea (aabb genome) and B. nigra (bb genome). 4) In comparing the Brassica species having 10 pairs of chromosomes in somatic, it became apparent that B. trilocularis is distinctly different from the other species having aa genome in the intensities of some of the esterase bands, and B. tournefortii is much more different from the other species in electrophoretic mobilities of all the esterase bands. These findings agree well with the cytogenetic evidences proved by Fukushima and Iwasa (1966) who have tournefortii and a' genome to B. trilocularis.
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