| Abstract |
This paper empirically examines the direction of causality and sign (in the panel sense) between energy consumption (EC) including coal, oil, and electricity and the gross-domestic product (GDP) for t...otal 63 provinces in Vietnam between 2000 and 2013. Results reveal long-run stable equilibria in these cities, while the EC brings about a positive impact on GDP, and the usage of diesel contributes to economic growth more than the usage of coal and electricity in Vietnam. In the short-run, Granger causality tests reveal causality runs from GDP to EC, indicating that energy consumption is determined by economic growth. The research results support conservation hypothesis; thus, Vietnamese government can pursue the conservation energy policies that aim at curtailing energy use for environmental friendly development purposes.show more
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