| Creator |
|
|
|
| Language |
|
| Publisher |
|
|
|
| Date |
|
| Source Title |
|
| Vol |
|
| First Page |
|
| Last Page |
|
| Publication Type |
|
| Access Rights |
|
| Related DOI |
|
|
|
| Related URI |
|
|
|
| Relation |
|
|
|
| Abstract |
Indonesia is one of important coal exporter country in the world, with its total resources 104 billion tons (2008) of measured, indicated, and inferred category. Most of the resources are mined by sur...face mining method. Indonesia's coal production is increasing from 178.93 MT in 2008, 228.81 MT in 2009, and 280 MT in 2010, and only about 12% were used for domestic electricity generation. The electricity demand is increasing by years, in the next 10 years the government plans to build 2 x 10,000 MWe new coal fired power plants. It means more coal will be burned, decreasing more forest, and increasing CO2 emission. Despite of coal burning, open pit mine operations caused large amount of CO2 emission. As an example, an open pit mine with 48 MT annual production is emitted about 1.46 MT of CO2 from deforestation and fuel combustion of mining equipment. To reduce the CO2 emission, diversification of electric generation (i.e. increasing geothermal energy use), and minimizing open areas by rapid revegetation program, should be done.show more
|
Export Mendeley
p017