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Background : Neuraminidase (NA) is an essential surface protein for influenza virus replication. NA inhibitors are commonly used for the treatment of influenza patients in Japan, thus emergence of res...istant viruses is of great concern. We sequenced the NA segment of isolated virus from influenza patients in the 2015-16 influenza season and investigated the relation between the deduced NA amino acid sequence and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC_50) of four NA inhibitors. Materials and Methods : A total of 59 viruses (20 A/H1N1pdm09, 19 A/H3N2, and 20 B) that showed high or low IC_50 to NA inhibitors were sequenced using a “next generation sequencer”, and the deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed. Results : Two A/H1N1pdm09 viruses that showed very high IC_50 for oseltamivir (150 nM and 130 nM) contained the H275Y mutation that has been reported in several previous seasons. Except for this H275Y mutation, no significant relation was found between the NA amino acids and the IC_50 of the four NA inhibitors in A/H1N1pdm09 viruses. There was no significant relation between the NA amino acids and the IC_50 of the four NA inhibitors for A/H3N2. NA amino acids sequences of B were divided into two groups. There was no significant relation between the NA amino acids and the IC_50 of the four NA inhibitors for B. Conclusion : The previously reported H275Y mutation that causes oseltamivir resistance was found in two A/H1N1pdm09 viruses that showed a very high IC_50 for oseltamivir. No additional NA amino acid sequences related to the IC_50 of four NA inhibitors was found in other virus in the 2015-16 influenza season.show more
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