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| Abstract |
The mechanisms through which tumors evade immune surveillance remain incompletely understood. In our previous study, immunosuppressive soluble factor(s) secreted by murine mammary tumor (4T1) cells wa...s shown to be a protein between 10-100 kDa. In the current study, identification of the protein in the active fractions revealed the presence of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). M-CSF is a cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulating survival, proliferation and differentiation of macrophages and monocytes. Although the involvement of M-CSF in enhancing tumor metastasis has been reported, its involvement in tumor growth is not well reported. Here we show that genetic ablation of M-CSF in 4T1 cells reduces the rate of tumor growth and the rate of splenomegaly which have been shown to be high in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. These data argue that, M-CSF is a key player in suppressing immune response against tumor and may be explored to boost immune based tumor therapy.show more
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