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| Abstract |
The generalized theory of Fraunhofer-diffraction method, which includes the simple theory which was recently proposed as a new means to measure the amplitude and the (k,ω) spectrum of plasma density f...luctuations, is presented for general applications of any plasma-wave measurements. It becomes possible by the present theory to measure spatial positions and propagating directions of plasma waves in addition to the (k,ω) spectrum. Application limits of the method for some representative electromagnetic waves are estimated, indicating that the method is suitable for measurements of lowfrequency density fluctuations in large totamak plasmas. Further, by referring to measurements of drift-waves in the JIPP T-H totamak, general processes of designing a measurement-system diagnosing plasma waves by the method are given. In addition to these theoretical considerations, experiments are performed, where this theory is experimentally verified and measuring accuracies are ascertained, in a microwave region, by measurements of ion-acoustic waves in a d.c. discharge at low pressure. These theoretical and experimental results have made it possible to establish the method as a standard and powerful diagnostic technique for measurements of plasma density fluctuations in various plasmas.show more
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