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The ATP-gated P2X_4 receptor is a cation channel, which is important in various pathophysiological events. The architecture of the P2X_4 receptor in the activated state and how to change its structure... in response to ATP binding are not fully understood. Here, we analyze the architecture and ATP-induced structural changes in P2X_4 receptors using fast-scanning atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM images of the membrane-dissociated and membrane-inserted forms of P2X_4 receptors and a functional analysis revealed that P2X_4 receptors have an upward orientation on mica but lean to one side. Time-lapse imaging of the ATP-induced structural changes in P2X_4 receptors revealed two different forms of activated structures under 0 Ca^(2+) conditions, namely a trimer structure and a pore dilation-like tripartite structure. A dye uptake measurement demonstrated that ATP-activated P2X_4 receptors display pore dilation in the absence of Ca^(2+). With Ca^(2+), the P2X_4 receptors exhibited only a disengaged trimer and no dye uptake was observed. Thus our data provide a new insight into ATP-induced structural changes in P2X_4 receptors that correlate with pore dynamics.続きを見る
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