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The etiological roles of psychosocial factors in cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD) have received much attention in psychosomatic research, and recent epidemiological studies have added scientifi...c evidence concerning this issue. Grossarth-Maticek and colleagues have shown, through a series of prospective studies, a strong relationship between certain personalities (reactions to stress) and diseases such as cancer, apoplexy, and CHD. Based on the Grossarth-Maticek theory, we developed a self-administered questionnaire, the Stress Inventory (SI), to assess potentially disease-prone personalities in the Japanese population. This study examined the psychometric properties of the SI. The Short Interpersonal Reactions Inventory (SIRI) developed by Grossarth-Maticek and the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) were administered, along with the SI, to 601 men and women, most of whom were 40 to 69 years of age, who visited a clinic for a health checkup (Sample 1). The first 164 subjects in Sample 1 took the SI again after a 2-4 week interval. A total of 208 outpatients at a psychosomatic clinic (Sample 2: mean age 43.5 years) completed the Stress Coping Inventory (SCI), the Tokyo University Egogram (TEG), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Japanese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Anger Scales (AS), the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and the SI. Based on factor analysis of sample 1, the SI was shortened from 75 to 45 items, and 12 scales were constructed and named as follows: "low sense of control", "object dependence of loss", "object dependence of happiness", "object dependence of anger", "annoying barrier", "object dependence of ambivalence", "disclosure of negative experiences", "unfulfilled needs for acceptance", "altruism", "egoism", "emotional suppression", and "lacking emotional experiences". Cronbach alphas and test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.90 and from 0.66 to 0.82 respectively. A correlation analysis between the 12 SI scales and the MPI, SCI, TEG, STAI, CES-D (Japanese-language version), AS, and SSQ scales showed that the constructs of the SI scales generally agreed with the original hypotheses. The SI was shown to have internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factorial validity, and construct validity.show more
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Kenko Shien 2001