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Purple-red beds located at the basal parts of the Paleogene sedimentary sequences in western Kyushu, Japan, were lithologically and mineralogically investigated. The results indicate that these beds w...ere deposited in small depressions which transformed gradually to coal swamps. The pigmenting agent responsible for this characteristic color is hematite that fills interstices among the grains. The hematite was supplied from schists and igneous rocks as detrital fine mineral grains and from ground water as hydroxide that aged to hematite through diagenetic dehydration. The formation of the overlying coaly sediments may also have genetical relations to the origin of color.show more
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