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The present paper consists of two parts. In the Part 1 thermal bubble behavior in liquid nitrogen under dc non-uniform fields that will take part in electrical breakdown in high Tc superconducting pow...er apparatus at quenching conditions is dealt with theoretically. The results show that electrical gradient force affects severely bubble motion and causes bubble coalescence in the gap and that Maxwell stress acting on the bubble surface changes the manner by which the bubble is released from a groove between fins on an electrode. The change in the bubble motion and boiling phenomena by non-uniform electric field will result in different breakdown behavior from that in a uniform field gap, and the choice of desired fin shape will minimize bubble effects on the breakdown voltage with finned electrode.show more
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