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This study is to mainly analyze the criteria and classifications of Japanese loanwords from Chinese words which were originally Chinese calques from Western words. The analyses lead to the following c...onclusions: ①the critical point of judging whether a Japanese word (Chinese characters) is a simply loan from the original Chinese word or a Chinese calque from the Western word is to see whether westernology in China played the crucial role during the formation process of the word’s contemporary form and meanings; besides, if an etymological perspective is brought in, it is easier to obtain a better matching conclusion; ②in order to distinguish between technical terms and general terms, it is important to study the characteristics of loanwords when they became established in an etymological perspective; for words which are difficult to judge their characteristics, it is appropriate to classify them as “others”; furthermore, when to create sub-classifications under a broad classification can be established by referring to the entries of Complete Japanese-Language Dictionary (Shogakukan, 2005) and the classifications of Japanese Synonym Dictionary (Kadokawa Shoten, 1990) and Classification Vocabulary List (Shuei Shuppan, 1964).show more
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