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雨水の水質が樹冠を通過することによってどのように変化するのかを明らかにするために，九州大学福岡演習林内において樹冠形態の異なる樹種：スギ（Cryptomeria japonicaD．Don）とマテバシイ（Pasania ediulis Makino）を用いて林内雨と樹幹流の観測を行った，1995年7月から1996年6月までの観測期間中39回の降雨について，林外雨も含めて水量およびpHの計測と溶存イ...オンの分析を行った．平均値または積算値を用いて林内雨および樹幹流の比較を行った結風 水量（水高換算）はスギでは林内雨が樹幹流よりも多く，マテバシイでは林内雨より樹幹流の方が多かった．これに対して溶存イオン濃度では，スギでは林内雨よりも樹幹流の方が高く，マテバシイでは林内雨よりも樹幹流の方が低かった．溶存イオン濃度と水量を乗じて林地への物質付加量を求めると，スギでは林内雨が樹幹流よりも多く，マテバシイでは林内雨よりも樹幹流の方が多かった．林地への物質付加量に占める湿性降下物の寄与と，乾性降下物および樹体からの溶脱物質による寄与を比較すると，スギでは乾性降下物および溶脱の寄与が大きく，マテバシイでは湿性降下物による寄与が大きかった．このようにスギとマテバシイで明らかな違いがみられたのは，樹種と樹冠形態により，雨水の配分，乾性降下物の付着量および溶脱物質量が大きく異なることが原因であると考えられた．
In order to make clear the processes of changes in rainwater chemistry through tree crown, volume of water, pH value, concentration and deposition of dissolved ions for rainfall, throughfall and stem flow were measured from July 1995 until June 1996. The experimental site was located in the Kyushu University Forests in Sasaguri, Fukuoka prefecture. The observed species were Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and Matebashii (Pasania ediulis Makino). The amount of stem flow was less than throughfall for C. japonica, but greater than throughfall for P. ediulis. The obtained value of stem flow for P. ediulis was 81% of total rainfall. This value is quite large compared with results of other studies. Concentration of dissolved ions for stem flow was higher than for throughfall for C. japonica, but lower than for throughfall for P. ediulis. However, deposition of dissolved ions for stem flow was less than for throughlall for C. japonica, but greater than for throughfall for ediulis. In addition, the origin of deposition of dissolved ions, dry deposition and leaching were greater than wet deposition for C. japonica, but wet deposition was greater than dry deposition and leaching for P. ediulis. These results indicate that distribution of dissolved ions of rainwater passing through tree crown depends on tree species and crown structure, due to their influence on rainwater distribution, adhesion of dry deposition and leaching rate.show more
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