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Two distinct p97 membrane fusion pathways are required for Golgi biogenesis: the p97/p47 and p97/p37 pathways. VCIP135 is necessary for both pathways, while its deubiquitinating activity is required o...nly for the p97/p47 pathway. We have now identified a novel VCIP135‐binding protein, WAC. WAC localizes to the Golgi as well as the nucleus. In Golgi membranes, WAC is involved in a complex containing VCIP135 and p97. WAC directly binds to VCIP135 and increases its deubiquitinating activity. siRNA experiments revealed that WAC is required for Golgi biogenesis. In an in vitro Golgi reformation assay, WAC was necessary only for p97/p47‐mediated Golgi reassembly, but not for p97/p37‐mediated reassembly. WAC is hence thought to function in p97/p47‐mediated Golgi membrane fusion by activating the deubiquitinating function of VCIP135. We also showed that the two p97 pathways function in ER membrane fusion as well. An in vitro ER reformation assay revealed that both pathways required VCIP135 but not its deubiquitinating activity for their ER membrane fusion. This was consistent with the finding that WAC is unnecessary for p97‐mediated ER membrane fusion.
The deubiquitinating enzyme VCIP135 plays an important role in a number of different p97 ATPase‐dependent membrane fusion events. This study identifies the protein WAC as a VCIP135 interaction partner that activates its deubiquitination activity and specifically regulates the p97/p47‐mediated Golgi membrane fusion pathway.続きを見る
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