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Mangroves provide essential social, economic, and environmental benefits as ecosystem goods and services. In Surigao del Sur, mangrove cover declined by 24%, from 8,246 ha in 2003 to 6,281 ha in 2016.... This study utilized GIS and remote sensing to map land cover changes from 2003, 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2022, and assess mangrove dynamics. From 2003 to 2013, 31.51 ha of inland water converted into mangroves, while 36.01 ha shifted to other land classes. Inland water converted 49.31 ha into mangroves by 2013 and 19.48 ha by 2016. Mangroves converted to built-up areas increased by 8.25 ha in 2019. Conversion to palm (17.03%) was higher than to barren land, seashores, or croplands. Rapid mangrove-to-built-up changes were recorded at 4.43% (2003–2013), with smaller rates afterward. Inland water changes were also consistent: 2.07% (2013–2016), 0.64% (2016–2019), and 1.23% (2019–2022).続きを見る
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Mendeley出力
2025_p1511