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Accurate estimation of fractional delay and Doppler shifts in multipath channels is essential for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems operating in high-mobility environments. Such chan...nels exhibit doubly selective fading in both time and frequency. Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation provides a simple and robust means for channel compensation under these conditions. However, the presence of fractional delay and Doppler components introduces inter-path interference, which degrades estimation accuracy. In this paper, we propose a two-stage estimation method based on Prony’s technique using OTFS pilot signals with M subchannels and N pilot repetitions. In the first stage, Doppler frequencies are estimated by jointly solving M coupled Prony equations, exploiting the periodicity of the pilot signal. In the second stage, delays are estimated by applying the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and Prony’s method to each Doppler component obtained in the first stage. The proposed method can accurately estimate up to N−1 delay-Doppler parameters under noiseless conditions. In noisy environments, conventional information criteria such as AIC and BIC yield suboptimal performance; thus, a heuristic model order selection is adopted. Numerical simulations confirm that the proposed method achieves high estimation accuracy, highlighting its potential for future ISAC frameworks.続きを見る
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