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従来，典型的な競争市場と捉えられてきた青果物市場も，近年は買い手の大規模化や加工・業務用需要の増加を背景に不完全競争へと変化しつつあり，その市場成果の評価が急がれる．本稿は，まず，寡占化と垂直的取引関係の進展に対する経済的評価についてレビューした．産地の大規模化については寡占力の行使に至っていないとする計測が多い．一方，垂直的調整については，プラス面とマイナス面の両面から理論的・実証的な評価が行わ...れているが，有効な評価方法が整っていない状況といえる．次に，セリ率の低下がもたらす情報の不完備性について，理論的な検討を行った．その結果，価格弾力的な買い手の過度の事前契約の進展は，作況によってスポット市場価格の指標性を損なう可能性があるが，現状は，そこまで至っていないと結論づけた．
The vegetable and fruit market, which has traditionally been considered as a perfect competitive market, is now changing to an imperfect one in an economic environment marked by large-scale buyers and growing demand for industrial uses. Its economic evaluation has now emerged as an issue. This paper firstly reviews evaluations for oligopoly, oligopsony and vertical coordination in the domestic vegetable and fruit market. Most previous researches have denied oligopolistic behaviors by large-scale production areas, or their negative economic effects both empirically and theoretically. On the other hand, researchers also evaluated the oligopsonic behaviors by large-scale buyers and vertical coordination in both positive and negative aspects. A unified evaluation methodology, however, has not been found yet. Secondly, whether the increasing of vertical transactions and decreasing of auction transactions will bring about incompleteness of market information is discussed. Theoretically if price-elastic buyers expand vertical transactions, the nature of the index of auction prices will be impaired. But domestic vegetable and fruit markets have not yet arrived at that situation.続きを見る
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