| 概要 |
When Japan began to introduce the Western ideas and techniques and make translations of them just before and after the Restoration of 1868, she hurriedly and largely borrowed the ready-made words from... the English-Chinese dictionary by Medhurst (1847-8) or by Lobscheid (1866-9). But in the second decade of the Meiji era, the scholars of this country devised a good many modern words for themselves from lack of the proper Chinese equivalents for things Western. After the Sino-Japanese War (1894- 5) it was China's turn to borrow the modern Japanese terms thus newly coined. The infiltration of Japanese elements into the Chinese language seems to be one of the most interesting linguistic phenomena of modern times, viewed from the comparative study of the two cultures and languages. This paper, in the first half, seeks to describe the general trend of such infiltration by giving some examples of the Japanese loanwords in Chinese from the writer's notes. Next his concerns are especially given to the terminology of English grammar; the Japanese equivalents for which are thought to have resulted from our Dutch learning in the Tokugawa period. In the writer's opinion a greater part of those grammatical terms invented here, have been accepted and adopted by the Chinese scholars either through the English-Japanese dictionaries or through the Chinese translations of Japanese textbooks of the field。And in China those borrowed terms have been answering the purpose of explaining not only the system of English grammar but also the structure of the Chinese language. Such assertion is ascertained by means of the historical survey of the Chinese equivalents compared with the Japanese, for the English grammatical terminology. As key materials are used the following dictionaries and.books treating grammar: English-Chinese dictionaries by Medhurst and by Lobscheid, Such assertion is ascertained by means of the historical survey of the Chinese equivalents compared with the Japanese, for the English grammatical terminology. As key materials are used the following dictionaries and.books treating grammar: English-Chinese dictionaries by Medhurst and by Lobscheid, Ying-wên-chü-yü 英文挙隅 by Tsêng Chi-tsê曾紀沢(1887),Mâ-shih-wên-tung馬氏文通by Ma Chien-chung馬建忠(1898),Hsin-chao kuo-yü-wén-fa新著 国語文法 byLi Chin-hsi黎錦煕(1924),A comprehensive English-Chinese Dictionary 綜合英漢大辞典 by Huang Shih-fu黄士復and Chiang Tieh江鉄(1937), and A New English-Chinese Dictionary._最新註解英華大辞典 byCheng Yi-li鄭易里(1962). The conspicuous transition from traditional Chinese terms to Japanese-made is shown, for the most part, in the form of the list in the second half of this paper.続きを見る
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