0023-6152

AA00697606

4486561

Vietnam has experienced a rapid growth in the livestock sector with the increase of large–scale farms (LFs) in addition to existing small–scale farms (SFs). As a result, the country has faced with serious environmental pollutions caused by the production. Although various manure treatment plants (MTPs) have been installed by pig farms, almost they are inappropriate, causing the manure not to be treated effectively. While the improvement in pollutant removal efficiency (PRE) of MTPs is a key factor to solve the environmental pollution, it has been paid little attention by current studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and PRE of alternative MTPs and recommend solutions for SFs and LFs. The study results show that MTPs of LFs have better PRE than those of SFs because these MTPs include the components treating both organic and nutrient matters in the effluents. The study suggests that SFs can improve the PRE by installing biogas digesters and liquid containers, while LFs should construct MTPs comprising biogas digesters, liquid containers, and bio–ponds. Although such MTPs do not incur high unit abatement costs, they occupy large land; thus, the government should control the minimum land area needed to install the MTPs with sufficient capacity according to the quantity of pigs at the farms. The study also indicates that reducing water use can improve PRE of the MTPs; therefore, advanced technology for saving water should be introduced to the pig farms.