| 概要 |
To investigate the changes in the features of the upper ocean with the enhancement of horizontal grid resolution, global ocean circulations are simulated using the two different grid resolution models... based on the GFDL ocean-sea ice coupled model, MOM4p1-SIS. The two models use roughly 1 degree x 1 degree (GCM_1) and 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree (GCM_0.5) grid resolution, respectively, except in the equatorial region where more refined grid spacing is taken in meridional direction. Both model employ the common atmospheric data (radiation, wind, air temperature, specific humidity, sea level pressure, precipitation and land runoff) from the CORE-II normal year forcing dataset and adopt the same numerical schemes in tracer and momentum advection and diffusion with the same coefficients of eddy viscosity and eddy diffusivity between them. After 120 years of integration GCM_1 shows warm biases compared to the observation in the sea surface temperature at the equatorial Western Pacific, Asian Marginal Seas, west off South American coast and several other areas in the Pacific Ocean, including other major areas in the Atlantic, Indian and Southern Oceans. It also shows cold biases at those areas such as the central part of the subtropical gyre in the North Pacific and most of the North Atlantic and Greenland Sea. Compared to GCM_1 GCM_0.5 reveals some improved SST patterns showing much reduced warm- and cold-biased regions at the above mentioned areas. In the surface heat flux distributions GCM_0.5 is shown to receive more heat compared to GCM_1 at those regions close to the continents such as west off north and south American coast, western African coast, and Indo-Pacific Archipelago area.. However, GCM_0.5 loses more heat to the atmosphere at some places such as the Kuroshio extension and the subtropical region in case of North Pacific Ocean. It is suggested that the improved global surface temperature pattern obtained in GCM_0.5 is much indebted to the strengthening of coastal currents and more refined western boundary currents together with more realistic simulation of meso-scale eddies in the ocean basins due to the enhanced horizontal grid resolution.続きを見る
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