Cell components of Clostridium sp. were tested for their antitumor activity, when given to ddN-mice by the intraperitoneal injections 10 times (2 times before and 8 times after the implantation of sarcoma-180). Extracellular insoluble polysaccharide (galactose : glucose=13.5 : 86.5) produced by Clostridium sp. No. 45 completely regressed the growth of sarcoma-180 in 17 of 20 mice. Lyophilized cells of C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum regressed in 7 of 10 mice. Cell walls of C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum, C. acetobutylicum and C. butylicum showed the complete regression ratios of 18, 17 and 20/20, respectively. The activity of cell wall derived mainly from peptidoglycan rather than polysaccharide layer. Acid- and alkali-extract of fresh cells of C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum showed the intensive antitumor activity. The acid-extract completely regressed in 10/10 and all mice survived over 100 days.
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